@inproceedings{Simon2025Funnelectro,
	abstract = {On the skin, a small distance between two actuators can result in the perception of a single, centralized stimulus rather than two distinct stimuli – this phenomenon is known as the funneling illusion. In this work, we explore the electrotactile funneling illusion on the forearm in a user study with 16 participants. We placed an electrode strip with 9 electrode pairs along their forearm – from wrist to elbow. The calibration of the same perceived intensity of each electrode pair for each participant shows that the calibrated intensities near the wrist are significantly higher compared to the intensities calibrated near the elbow. A linear regression corresponds to this behavior as well as the qualitative feedback of our participants. Based on this, we created an equation that helps to reduce the calibration time considerably. The results of our study show that the funneling illusion can be reliably evoked at distances of up to 7.2cm. Further, we provide detailed information on occurrence frequency and precision and explored whether an approach adapted for electrotactile feedback can create an apparent tactile motion.},
	title = {Funnelectro: Electrotactile Funneling Illusion and Localization Performance on the Forearm},
	author = {Simon, Benjamin and Stanke, Dennis and Rohs, Michael},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia},
	location = {Enna, Italy},
	doi = {10.1145/3771882.3771890},
	isbn = {9798400720154},
	year = {2025},
	papertype = {fullpaper}
}